MNT
…
RUB
…
Land Area
Russia
17,098,246 km²
Largest
Mongolia
1,564,116 km²
9.1% of largest
Russia is 10.93× larger than Mongolia
Population
Russia
LARGEST
143.51M
PEOPLE
Mongolia
2.5% OF LARGEST
3.57M
PEOPLE
Russia has 40.21× the population of Mongolia
GDP
Russia
LARGEST
$2.56T
Mongolia
1.0% OF LARGEST
$25.37B
Armed Forces
Active Personnel
Russia
LARGEST
900K
TROOPS
Mongolia
1.1% OF LARGEST
9.7K
TROOPS
Russia has 92.78× the active personnel of Mongolia
Air Force
Russia
LARGEST
4.17K
AIRCRAFT
Mongolia
0.9% OF LARGEST
39
AIRCRAFT
Russia has 107.00× the aircraft of Mongolia
Naval Assets
Russia
Mongolia
Wealth
Gold Reserves
Russia
LARGEST
2,332.8
Metric Tonnes
Mongolia
0.3% OF LARGEST
7.3
Metric Tonnes
Foreign-Exchange Reserves
Russia
LARGEST
$413B
Reserves · excl. gold
Mongolia
1.2% OF LARGEST
$4B
Reserves · excl. gold
Billionaires
Russia
MOST
120
billionaires
Mongolia
—
Oil
Proven Reserves
Russia
LARGEST
80
Billion barrels
Production & Consumption
Russia
NET EXPORTER
Production
10.8M b/d
Consumption
3.7M b/d
+7.1M b/d net
Trade (Import/Export)
Mongolia
$16.4B
Exports
$16.4B
Imports
$16.6B
Trade Balance
$-0.2B
Trade Deficit
Russia
$476.4B
Exports
$476.4B
Imports
$382.4B
Trade Balance
+$94.0B
Trade Surplus
Drinks per Person
Coffee
kg / person / yr
Russia
consumption
Mongolia
supply
Tea
kg / person / yr
Russia
consumption
Mongolia
supply
Beer
litres / person / yr
Russia
consumption
Mongolia
supply
Wine
litres / person / yr
Russia
consumption
Mongolia
supply
Alcohol
litres pure alcohol / person / yr
Russia
consumption
Mongolia
consumption
Smoking
% of adults 15+ who smoke
Mongolia
Russia
Per-capita — consumption where available, else FAOSTAT supply · alcohol = litres of pure alcohol; smoking = % of adults 15+ (WHO)
Olympic Medals
Russia
192
Gold
164
Silver
184
Bronze
540
Total Medals
☀ Summer: 422
❄ Winter: 118
Mongolia
2
Gold
12
Silver
17
Bronze
31
Total Medals
☀ Summer: 31
❄ Winter: 0
Religious Demographics
Religious Distribution
Religious Composition by Country
Mongolia
Russia
Age Demographics
Median Age
Russia
39.2
YEARS
10
30
50
70
Mongolia
29.8
YEARS
10
30
50
70
Age Distribution
Population breakdown by age bracket (percentage)
Demographic Insights
Age Gap
Russia is 9.4 years older (median) than Mongolia
Youth Population
Mongolia has the highest youth population at 53% (under 30)
Elderly Population
Russia has the highest elderly population at 22% (60+)
Global Statistics
| Metric |
Mongolia
|
Russia
|
|---|---|---|
| Travel & Mobility | ||
| Passport Power visa-free destinations | — |
119
|
| Tourist Arrivals per year | — |
24.4M
|
| Culture & Prestige | ||
| Nobel Laureates all-time |
0
|
32
|
| UNESCO Heritage Sites inscribed sites |
6
|
32
|
Figures as of 2026. Sources: IMF, EIA/OPEC, Henley Passport Index, UNWTO, Forbes, Michelin Guide, Nobel Foundation, UNESCO World Heritage Centre.
Cost of Living
|
Metric
All indices use New York City as base (100)
Lower values indicate lower costs.
|
Mongolia
|
Russia
|
|---|---|---|
| Cost of Living Index |
|
|
| Rent Index |
|
|
| Groceries Index |
|
|
| Restaurant Price Index |
|
|
| Local Purchasing Power |
|
|
| Common Expenses Comparison | ||
| Meal at Inexpensive Restaurant (USD) | $4 | $8 |
| Three-Course Meal for 2 (USD) | $20 | $35 |
| Monthly Rent - City Center (USD) | $400 | $600 |
| Monthly Rent - Outside Center (USD) | $250 | $400 |
| Monthly Utilities (USD) | $60 | $85 |
| Internet (60 Mbps, USD) | $20 | $12 |
| Monthly Public Transport Pass (USD) | $15 | $25 |
Health
Healthcare spending, capacity and outcomes. Sources: World Bank / WHO — the year tag shows each figure’s vintage; “—” means the country doesn’t report that metric.
Health spending / person
Russia
Mongolia
Physicians per 1,000
Russia
Mongolia
Hospital beds per 1,000
Mongolia
Russia
Diabetes prevalence
Mongolia
Russia
Obesity prevalence
Mongolia
Russia
Suicide rate per 100k
Russia
Mongolia
Want the long view?
GDP, population, reserves & trade for Mongolia vs Russia — charted over the decades.
Basic Information
| Metric | Mongolia | Russia |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 3568978 | 143513328 |
| Area (sq km) | 1564116 | 17098246 |
| Capital | Ulaanbaatar | Moscow |
| Official Language | Mongolian | Russian |
| Currency | Mongolian Tögrög (MNT) | Russian Ruble (RUB) |
| Government Type | Unitary semi-presidential republic | Federal semi-presidential republic |
Military Strength
| Metric | Mongolia | Russia |
|---|---|---|
| Active Personnel | 9,700 | 900,000 |
| Reserve Personnel | 137,000 | 2,000,000 |
| Total Military Personnel | 146,700 | 3,350,000 |
| Defense Budget (USD) | $115,000,000 | $154,000,000,000 |
| Tanks | 470 | 12,420 |
| Armored Vehicles | 650 | 30,122 |
| Self-Propelled Artillery | 30 | 6,574 |
| Towed Artillery | 150 | 7,571 |
| Rocket Projectors | 130 | 3,391 |
Economy
| Metric | Mongolia | Russia |
|---|---|---|
| GDP (USD) | $25,369,107,325 | $2,561,310,169,359 |
| GDP Per Capita (USD) | $7,108 | $17,847 |
| Unemployment Rate (%) | 5.2% | 2.1% |
| GINI Index (Income Inequality) | 31.4 | 33.0 |
| Currency | Mongolian Tögrög (MNT) | Russian Ruble (RUB) |
| Loading current exchange rates… | ||
Interesting Comparisons & Trivia
Did You Know?
Russia is 10.9 times larger in area than Mongolia.
That's a massive difference!
Russia has 40.2 times more people than Mongolia.
Russia has the highest GDP per capita at $17,847 among the selected countries.
Russia has the largest economy with a GDP of
$2.56 trillion.
Russia has the largest active military personnel with 900,000 troops.
Russia has the largest air force with 4,173 aircraft.
Russia has the largest navy with 605 vessels.
Russia Fact: Russia spans 11 time zones, more than any other country in the world.
Mongolia vs Russia: Key Comparisons
Economy: Russia's GDP of $2.6T is 101.0x larger than Mongolia's $25B — both among the world's largest economies.
Population: Russia's population of 144M is 40.2x larger than Mongolia's 4M.
Area: Russia covers 17,098,246 km², making it 10.9x larger than Mongolia.
Military: Russia fields 900Thousand active troops vs Mongolia's 9.7Thousand.
Trade: Mongolia has a trade deficit of $0B while Russia runs a trade surplus of $94B.
Life Expectancy: Russia leads with a life expectancy of 73 years vs Mongolia's 72.
Data compiled from World Bank, IMF, Global Firepower, SIPRI, Numbeo, and Pew Research.
Last updated August 2026.
Sources & methodology